Conditions

• Chronic & Non-Healing

  Non-Healing & Chronic Wounds

  A wound that hasn't improved in four weeks is chronic, and something underneath is usually blocking it — circulation, pressure, infection, blood sugar, or nutrition. You may notice it looks the same week after week, drains steadily, or has a thickened rim at the edge. Treating the wound alone rarely works; the cause has to be found and corrected.

  For referring cliniciansStructured 4-week reassessment: vascular studies, offloading evaluation, infection and nutritional workup, with advanced modalities when standard care stalls.
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• Chronic & Non-Healing

  Skin Substitutes & Wound Grafts

  When a wound stops responding to standard dressings, a graft applied directly to the wound bed can supply the proteins and cell structure your body uses to rebuild tissue. It is an in-office procedure that takes minutes, with local numbing only, usually repeated in a short series about a week apart.

  For referring cliniciansCellular, acellular and matrix-like products applied to debrided, adequately perfused wound beds after documented failure of 30 days of standard care.
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• Chronic & Non-Healing

  Lower Extremity Wound Care

  Wounds below the knee heal differently, because circulation, swelling, and the pressure of walking all work against them. Care combines wound treatment with compression, offloading, and management of the vein or artery problem behind it. Slow healing, swelling that worsens through the day, and skin changes around the ankle are the usual signs.

  For referring cliniciansIntegrated limb management — perfusion, edema control, offloading and infection — rather than isolated topical therapy.
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• Diabetic Foot

  Diabetic Foot Ulcers

  A diabetic foot ulcer is an open sore, usually on the bottom of the foot, that forms because nerve damage keeps you from feeling pressure or injury. Many people find one by seeing drainage on a sock rather than by feeling pain. It needs urgent attention — the diabetic foot ulcer is the most common path to lower-limb amputation, and early treatment changes that outcome.

  For referring cliniciansWagner/UT staging with sharp debridement, offloading, perfusion assessment and infection control as baseline standard of care.
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• Diabetic Foot

  Diabetic Foot Care & Prevention

  Most diabetic foot wounds are preventable, and prevention is far less disruptive than treatment. Regular foot exams, professional nail and callus care, and properly fitted footwear catch problems while they are still small. If you have diabetes, a daily look at the bottom of both feet is the highest-value minute of your day.

  For referring cliniciansRisk-stratified surveillance, pre-ulcerative lesion debridement, therapeutic footwear and structured patient self-inspection education.
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• Diabetic Foot

  Peripheral Neuropathy

  Nerve damage dulls sensation in the feet, so a blister, a stone in the shoe, or a hot surface can cause serious injury you never feel. You may notice burning, tingling, numbness, or a sense that your feet aren't quite yours. Loss of protective sensation is the strongest predictor of a future ulcer.

  For referring cliniciansMonofilament and vibratory testing to document loss of protective sensation; drives surveillance interval and footwear prescription.
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• Diabetic Foot

  Charcot Foot (Charcot Arthropathy)

  Charcot foot occurs when nerve damage lets the bones of the foot weaken and collapse, often with little pain. The foot may look red, warm, and swollen, and is frequently mistaken for an infection. As the arch collapses, new pressure points form on the sole — and those are where ulcers begin.

  For referring cliniciansSuspect in any neuropathic patient with a warm, swollen foot. Immobilization/TCC in the acute phase; deformity-driven ulcer risk management thereafter.
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• Diabetic Foot

  Amputation Prevention & Limb Salvage

  Most amputations begin as a wound that could have been treated. Limb salvage brings wound care, circulation testing, infection control, and offloading together with one goal — keeping you on your own foot. The earlier that team is involved, the more limb there is to save.

  For referring cliniciansCoordinated podiatry, vascular and infectious disease pathway; revascularization assessment and staged surgery to preserve functional limb length.
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• Circulation

  Venous Leg Ulcers

  These are the most common leg ulcers, forming when the valves in your leg veins stop moving blood back toward the heart. Fluid pools around the ankle, the skin discolors and tightens, and eventually breaks down into a shallow, weeping wound — usually on the inner ankle. They respond well to treatment, but compression is not optional; without it they return.

  For referring cliniciansCompression is first-line. Confirm ABI before compressing, and evaluate reflux/ablation candidacy to reduce recurrence.
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• Circulation

  Arterial & Ischemic Ulcers

  When arteries narrow, too little blood reaches the skin, and even a small injury can become a deep, painful wound — typically on the toes, heel, or outer ankle. The pain is often worse with the leg elevated or at night, and better hanging off the bed. These wounds will not heal until circulation improves, so vascular testing comes first.

  For referring cliniciansDo not compress before perfusion is documented. ABI/TBI and toe pressures precede aggressive debridement; low threshold for vascular referral.
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• Circulation

  Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

  PAD is narrowing of the arteries carrying blood to the legs and feet. You may notice calf cramping when walking that eases with rest, cold feet, hair loss on the legs, or slow-growing toenails. PAD is why many wounds refuse to heal — and it is also a marker of heart and stroke risk.

  For referring cliniciansNon-invasive arterial studies. PAD is both the healing barrier and a cardiovascular risk equivalent warranting systemic risk-factor management.
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• Circulation

  Chronic Venous Insufficiency & Leg Swelling

  When leg veins fail to move blood upward, fluid pools in the lower leg. Swelling that is worse by evening, aching heaviness, itching, and brown staining above the ankle are the first signs — often years before a wound appears. Treating it at this stage is how you avoid the ulcer entirely.

  For referring cliniciansCEAP-classified. Graduated compression, elevation and reflux evaluation positioned as ulcer prevention rather than ulcer treatment.
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• Circulation

  Lymphedema-Related Wounds

  Lymphedema is swelling from a blocked or damaged lymphatic system, often after surgery, radiation, or repeated infection. The limb feels heavy and firm, the skin thickens, and fluid can weep through the surface — which opens the door to wounds and recurring skin infections. Consistent compression and skin care control both.

  For referring cliniciansComplete decongestive therapy with meticulous skin care; differentiate from venous edema and screen for recurrent cellulitis.
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• Pressure & Immobility

  Pressure Injuries (Bedsores)

  Pressure injuries form when sustained weight on one area cuts off blood flow to the skin — most often over the tailbone, hips, and heels. They can begin as skin that stays red after pressure is relieved and progress to an open wound within hours in someone who cannot reposition. The support surface, repositioning, and nutrition matter as much as the dressing.

  For referring cliniciansNPIAP-staged. Support surface selection, repositioning schedule, moisture management and nutritional optimization alongside local care.
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• Pressure & Immobility

  Moisture-Associated Skin Damage

  Skin that stays wet from incontinence, perspiration, or wound drainage loses its protective barrier and breaks down into red, raw, often burning areas. It is frequently mistaken for a pressure sore, but the cause and the treatment are different. Barrier products and moisture control usually turn it around quickly.

  For referring cliniciansDifferentiate MASD/IAD from pressure injury; structured barrier protocol and containment strategy.
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• Pressure & Immobility

  Skin Tears

  As skin thins with age, long-term steroid use, or sun exposure, even minor friction can peel a flap of skin away. They are common on the forearms and lower legs and often look alarming out of proportion to the injury. Handled correctly in the first hours, the flap can often be laid back down and preserved.

  For referring cliniciansISTAP-classified. Flap preservation, atraumatic non-adherent dressings, and a fragile-skin prevention program.
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• Surgical & Traumatic

  Non-Healing Surgical Wounds & Dehiscence

  Sometimes a surgical incision reopens or never fully closes — because of infection, tension across the wound, poor circulation, diabetes, or nutrition. You may see separation along the incision line, increasing drainage, or a stitch line that never quite sealed. These should be evaluated rather than watched, because the cause determines whether it can close on its own.

  For referring cliniciansAssess for deep space infection, tension and perfusion. Negative-pressure therapy and staged closure where secondary intention is inadequate.
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• Surgical & Traumatic

  Traumatic Wounds & Lacerations

  Cuts, crush injuries, degloving, and wounds from falls can leave damaged tissue that won't heal on a normal timeline — especially in older adults or anyone with circulation problems. Contamination, dead tissue, and foreign material all have to be addressed before the wound will close. What looks minor at the surface is often deeper than it appears.

  For referring cliniciansDebridement of devitalized tissue, foreign body and tetanus assessment, and reconstruction planning for complex soft tissue loss.
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• Surgical & Traumatic

  Burns

  Burns from heat, chemicals, electricity, or friction damage skin in layers, and the true depth often isn't obvious for a day or two. Blistering, weeping, and pain that changes character all warrant evaluation. Patients with neuropathy are at particular risk, because a burn from a heating pad or hot pavement may not be felt at all.

  For referring cliniciansDepth and TBSA assessment with clear burn-center transfer criteria; heightened suspicion in the insensate foot.
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• Surgical & Traumatic

  Radiation-Induced Skin Injury

  Radiation therapy can damage skin and the small blood vessels beneath it, sometimes months or years after treatment ends. The area may become thin, discolored, and firm, and a minor injury there can open into a wound that heals very slowly. These wounds need a different approach than ordinary wounds.

  For referring cliniciansLate radiation tissue injury with impaired angiogenesis. Consider hyperbaric oxygen candidacy; avoid unplanned aggressive debridement of the irradiated field.
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• Infection

  Wound Infection & Cellulitis

  Infection is the most common reason a healing wound suddenly gets worse. Warning signs are spreading redness, increasing pain, warmth, swelling, odor, thicker or discolored drainage, and fever. Cellulitis — infection spreading through the skin around the wound — can move quickly and should be seen the same day.

  For referring cliniciansDistinguish colonization from infection; culture-directed therapy. Same-day evaluation for spreading erythema, systemic signs or rapid progression.
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• Infection

  Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection)

  When infection reaches the bone beneath a wound, the wound will not close no matter how well it is dressed. It is most common in deep diabetic foot ulcers and pressure injuries. Clues include a wound that probes down to bone, a swollen sausage-shaped toe, or a wound that keeps returning in the same spot.

  For referring cliniciansProbe-to-bone, imaging and bone biopsy for definitive diagnosis; prolonged culture-directed therapy with or without resection.
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• Infection

  Abscesses & Deep Space Infection

  An abscess is a pocket of infection under the skin that antibiotics alone usually cannot clear — it has to be drained. You may feel a firm, tender, warm lump that becomes increasingly painful, sometimes with fever. In the foot, infection can track along tendon compartments far beyond what is visible.

  For referring cliniciansIncision and drainage with compartment assessment; imaging where deep space involvement is suspected in the diabetic foot.
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• Infection

  Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection

  This is a rare but life-threatening infection that spreads rapidly through the tissue beneath the skin. Pain far out of proportion to how the skin looks, progression over hours, skin turning dusky or blistered, and feeling profoundly unwell are emergency signs. This is an emergency department visit, not an office appointment.

  For referring cliniciansSurgical emergency. LRINEC is supportive, not exclusionary — immediate surgical exploration and broad-spectrum coverage.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Pyoderma Gangrenosum

  This is an inflammatory condition, not an infection, in which a small bump or minor injury rapidly breaks down into a painful ulcer with a ragged, purple-tinged border. It is often misdiagnosed and treated with repeated debridement, which typically makes it worse. Recognizing it early changes the entire treatment plan.

  For referring cliniciansDiagnosis of exclusion with pathergy. Immunosuppressive therapy; avoid aggressive debridement. Screen for IBD and hematologic association.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Hidradenitis Suppurativa

  HS causes recurring painful nodules, abscesses, and tunnels under the skin where skin rubs together — underarms, groin, and under the breasts. Flares drain, scar, and return in the same places. It is chronic and often goes years without a correct diagnosis, but it is very treatable once identified.

  For referring cliniciansHurley-staged. Medical therapy for inflammatory control with wound management of draining tunnels; surgical planning in advanced disease.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Nail Disorders & Ingrown Toenails

  An ingrown or thickened, fungal nail is a nuisance for most people and a real wound risk for anyone with diabetes or poor circulation. The nail edge presses into the skin, breaks it, and gives bacteria a way in — which is how a nail complaint becomes an infected toe. With neuropathy, it may not hurt until it is already serious.

  For referring cliniciansIn the at-risk foot, nail pathology is an ulceration and infection portal. Professional nail care; partial matricectomy where indicated.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Skin Conditions of the Foot & Leg

  Cracked heels, athlete's foot, eczema, calluses, and blisters are minor for most people, but each is a break in the skin barrier where infection can start. In a foot with reduced sensation or circulation, a callus isn't cosmetic — it is the most common place an ulcer forms underneath. Skin changes on the lower leg often signal a circulation problem.

  For referring cliniciansTreat as barrier compromise in the at-risk limb. Callus is a pre-ulcerative lesion warranting debridement and offloading, not observation.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Offloading & Custom Orthotics

  The most reliable way to heal a wound on the bottom of the foot is to take the pressure off it — and to keep it off permanently once it closes. That may mean a removable boot, a total contact cast, a surgical shoe, or custom inserts built to your foot. Offloaded wounds heal substantially faster than wounds that are not.

  For referring cliniciansTotal contact casting remains the gold standard for plantar DFU; custom accommodative orthoses and therapeutic footwear for recurrence prevention.
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• Skin & Soft Tissue

  Foot Deformity & Pressure Points

  Bunions, hammertoes, flat feet, high arches, and prominent bone all concentrate pressure onto one spot of the foot. For most people that means rubbing and discomfort; for someone with neuropathy or poor circulation, it is where the skin eventually breaks down. Correcting the pressure — with footwear, padding, or surgery — is wound prevention.

  For referring cliniciansStructural deformity drives focal plantar pressure. Accommodative and surgical offloading reduce ulcer incidence and recurrence.
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Coverage. Most wound care evaluations and treatments are covered by Medicare and commercial insurance plans. Our team verifies your benefits before treatment begins.

Please note. This page is general health education and is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Wounds that look similar are often treated very differently, and appearance alone is unreliable. If you have a wound that concerns you, have it evaluated by a qualified clinician.